Selecting steel anchors for monolithic refractory linings
Part 1: Basics
Summary: The correct selection of steel anchors for monolithic linings is critically important as the integrity of the anchor in a refractory lining is one factor determining the life of the lining. To more accurately determine stresses in refractory anchors, numerical analyses must be carried out. Creep rupture stress and oxidation rates are two critical parameters that need to be taken into account. Part 1 of this article focuses on the basics, Part 2 on major failure mechanisms.
1 Introduction The reliability of stainless steel refractory anchors in refractory lined process vessels is becoming more critical as companies pursue greater efficiency and safety. Therefore understanding the failure mechanism of stainless steel refractory anchors is the key to improved production efficiency and better safety. The most common refractory anchor failure is at the interface between the hot face and insulation layer.
The poor performance of ceramic anchors has meant that stainless steel anchors are relied upon for maintaining the integrity of the refractory lining. Thus in...
