Lifecycle orientation
in industrial facility construction
![1 Change enablers [7]](https://www.zkg.de/imgs/101545511_e7749d1723.jpg)
![3 Lifecycle of building and product based on [9]](https://www.zkg.de/imgs/101545530_4da3085488.jpg)
![4 Relationship of initial investment and usage costs based on [3]](https://www.zkg.de/imgs/101545524_e4ac785cfc.jpg)
Changing conditions in the economic environment demand continuous adaption. This not only applies to business processes or production equipment, but particularly the industrial facilities too. Adaptability can be assured with appropriate parameters such as scalability or modularity. For a future-viable industrial facility therefore, in addition to the initial design and realization costs, the operating costs and especially the change costs must be considered in the scope of a lifecycle cost analysis.
1 Introduction
Since the beginning of industrialization, industrial construction has undergone significant changes. Whereas individual workshops used to dominate, as industrialization progressed, large complex factories grew up. To begin with, this new form of industrial building only had to provide sufficient space for the many workers and machines. With the demand for increasing effectiveness and efficiency in production, however, the building had to meet increasingly specific requirements. For the first vehicle to be manufactured on a large scale, the Model T Ford, for the first time an...
